Концепции современного естествознания тест с ответами

TEXT control works on the subject

"Concepts of modern science", the number of questions - 125

Task 1.

Question 1. What is the science, which is a unified system of knowledge about nature as a unified whole?

psychology

philosophy

natural history

physics

Systems Theory

Question 2. Do you think that is the basis of differentiation of knowledge?

national isolation of scientists from different countries

specialization of knowledge

philosophical aspect (the difference in the views of scientists)

Use natural sciences apparatus of differential calculus developed by Newton

an integrated approach to solving global problems

Question 3. What is the process associated with the formation of complexes interacting natural sciences?

Scientific Revolution

Differentiation of knowledge

visualization

Integration of knowledge

abstraction

Question 4. What is the name of science at the interface of several traditional sciences and the resulting unification of research methods?

exact sciences

natural Sciences

social science

Interdisciplinary Science

engineering science

Question 5. What science can claim a special role in the natural sciences?

chemistry

biology

mathematics

physics

astronomy

Task 2.

Question 1: What is the concept determines the basis of everything in the teachings of philosophers Pythagoreans?

air

water

number

fire

atom

Question 2. What is the contribution made to the development of science Pythagorean school of thought?

has developed the doctrine of causality

developed a materialist approach to the study of nature

It has introduced into science the idea of \u200b\u200bthe existence of quantitative laws

developed atomistic representation

formed the heliocentric concept of the universe

Question 3: Who was the author of the poem "On the Nature of Things", sets out the basic ideas of the ancient atomic theory?

Democritus

Epicurus

Pythagoras

Lucretius Carus

Nero

Question 4: What is the theory of nature into a single undifferentiated science - Greek philosophy, characterized by the direct contemplation of the world as a whole and speculative conclusions?

astrology

natural philosophy

alchemy

cosmology

psychology

Question 5. Which of the following ancient Greek philosophers made the main contribution to the logical design of natural philosophy in the IV. BC. ?

Aristotle

Sophocles

Archimedes

Euclid

Socrates

Task 3.

Question 1. What is the area of \u200b\u200bknowledge gained through the teachings of the independent development of the equilibrium of bodies of Archimedes?

statics

acoustics

optics

thermodynamics

chemistry

Question 2. What is scholasticism?

science of nature

religious-idealist philosophy

Practical activities

religion

materialist philosophy

Question 3. Which of the philosophers criticized in the XIII century. scholasticism and delivered a program of reform of science?

Geron

Vitruvius

Newton

Kepler

Bacon

Question 4. How many planets in the solar system was known at the time of the creation of the Copernican heliocentric system of the universe?

four

five

six

three

seven

Question 5. Which of the following scientific achievements belong to Galileo?

creation of the theory of the lever

discovery of the laws of planetary motion

Development of research on the nature of the experimental method

the establishment of the doctrine of equilibrium of bodies

measurement of the distance from the Earth to the Moon

Task 4.

Question 1. What is the basis of the concept of the scientific method of Francis Bacon?

deduction

model

system

induction

contemplation

Question 2. What scientist XVII. It created a unified scientific and philosophical system based on

Question 4. Who are the scientists of the XVIII century. He engaged in research of electrical phenomena in the tissues of animals?

Gibbs

Boltzmann

Gilbert

Galvani

Clausius

Question 5. What is the source of long-term DC, invented in 1800?

electromagnetic generator

"Voltaic pile"

"Terrell"

"Thunder machine"

Wilson cloud chamber

Task 5.

Question 1. Which of the principles of natural science was first formulated by Galileo?

the principle of subsidiarity

The principle of equivalence

the principle of relativity

the principle of the constancy of the speed of light

principle of symmetry

Question 2. What is the meaning invariance?

invariance of physical quantities in the transition from one frame to another

property of electric charges in the region to interact

the proportionality of force and acceleration

the equality of action and reaction

dependence of the velocity of propagation of electromagnetic waves from the properties of the medium

Question 3. What is included in classical Newtonian mechanics?

the question of the expansion of the universe

solve the problem of the motion of bodies at velocities close to the speed of light

Description of light waves

the wording of the three laws of mechanics

consideration of the nature of fundamental interactions in nature

Question 4. Who discovered the laws of planetary motion?

Kepler

Galileo

Copernicus

Archimedes

Newton

Question 5: What is the law expresses the common property of all bodies attract each other with a force proportional to the product of the mass of bodies and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them?

the law of inertia

the law of action and reaction

the law of gravity

the law of free fall of bodies

the law of conservation of momentum

Task 6.

Question 1. What phenomena associated with changes in temperature bodies or bodies transition from one state (e.g., liquid) to another (solid or gaseous)?

acoustic phenomena

electromagnetic phenomena

mechanical phenomena

thermal phenomena

optical phenomena

Question 2. What is caloric?

electromagnetic field

chemical element

hypothetical weightless liquid

set of molecules

collection of atoms

Question 3. Which of the following scientists gave the quantitative formulation of the law of conservation of energy?

R. Meyer

M. Lomonosov

Lavoisier

Boltzmann

W. Thomson

Question 4. How is called the law of conservation of energy in thermodynamics?

the principle of entropy increase

first beginning

second start

the correspondence principle

the principle of inertia

Question 5. What is the sensational conclusion that accompanied the development of the basics of thermodynamics in the propagation of her second start in the entire universe?

expansion of the universe

heat death of the universe

Big Bang

Big Cotton

the recession of galaxies

Task 7.

Question 1. What is the scientific work includes a first systematization of electrical and magnetic phenomena?

"General Theory of Terrestrial Magnetism" Gauss

Galvani's treatise "On the strength of electricity during muscle movements"

"On the magnet, magnetic bodies and the great Earth magnet" Hilbert

"Treatise on Electricity" Maxwell

"Experimental Researches in Electricity" Faraday

Question 2: Which of the following factors underlies the theory of electricity and magnetism Hilbert?

the discovery of galvanic electricity

the recognition of electrical and magnetic phenomena

theory of electromagnetism

recognition of the existence of electromagnetic waves

the discovery of electromagnetic induction

etc.

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